Mental Models that we can use

Be better than before, than yesterday...

This is discussed in 5th discipline by Peter Senge.  This video lists mental models we can use

1   Maps and reality dont match

2.  Focus on your circule of competence

3.  First principles  (eg believing that launching rocket is an expensive enterprise)  Find the first principle.   Eg. that costs of launching rocket is only 2% of total costs.

4,  Test your theory vs reality with experiment

5.  2nd order thinking

6.  Probalistic thinking  (degree of confidence)  vs results

7.  Inversion (what can be worse so that we can avoid mistakes)  What can be stupid?

8.   Occams razor.   The simplest explanation is usually right. 

9.  Hanlon razor -  things happen not because of malice but oversight